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The = (dired-diff) command compares
the current file (the file at point) with another file (read
using the minibuffer) using the diff program. The
file specified with the minibuffer is the first argument of
diff, and file at point is the second argument. The
output of the diff program is shown in a buffer
using Diff mode (see Comparing Files).
If the region is active, the default for the file read using the minibuffer is the file at the mark (i.e., the ordinary Emacs mark, not a Dired mark; see Setting Mark). Otherwise, if the file at point has a backup file (see Backup), that is the default.